Molecular Hybridization Techniques of Nucleic Acids

The nucleic acid hybridization is the process wherein two DNA or RNA single chains (mono-stranded) from different biological sources, make the double catenary configuration, based on contingent sequence homology of the two sources, resulting DNA-DNA, RNA-RNA or DNA-RNA hybrids. The purpose is identification or localization of certain nucleic acid sequences (genes) in the genome of some species. The target molecule representing the DNA, RNA or protein sequence that should be identified or located and the probe molecule who identify the target, by hybridization. Hybridization on a solid carrier is: Southern blotting, Northern blotting, Western blotting. Hybridization stages is: probe synthesis, probe marking (radioactively or non-radioactively), target DNA processing, target DNA denaturation, target DNA transfer to solid carrier, molecular hybridization.